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EV Pyro Fuse

Eaton Bussmann® series electric vehicle (EV) pyro fuses serve a critical role in the safety and reliability of EV systems. In the event of an accident or electrical fault, they activate within milliseconds to disconnect the circuit, quickly and efficiently isolating the battery from the rest of the vehicle’s electrical system. This near instantaneous response is essential when it comes to protecting both people and components in an EV.

Placed in various locations within the electrical system, Bussmann series EV pyro fuses are built to withstand the harshest conditions. Extensive testing ensures that each fuse meets stringent durability and reliability standards.

Additionally, the EV pyro fuses are available in both active and dual triggering design to ensure protection for a variety of applications.

  • Active triggering EV pyro fuses are triggered by an external signal such as the battery management software, advanced current sensor or crash detection system
  • Dual triggering EV pyro fuses can be triggered by either an internal or external source. It’s intelligent design enables it to trigger itself in the event of an over-current. This feature offers reinforced protection that improves both safety and reliability
Fast response
Immediate and secure protection in the event of a triggering force
Intelligent design
Self- and external-triggering design can sense current spikes and sever the connection
Reliable
Built to withstand the harshest conditions within the electrical system

核心功能

Features and benefits

  • The EV pyro fuses effectively disconnect the busbars and safeguard against mechanical or electrical faults with two trigger options. ​ 
  • Active trigger option (F40): will prohibit current flow whenever the Battery-Management-System (BMS) detects a fault ​
  • Dual trigger option (F40A): can be triggered by the BMS and has a self-triggering function that protects EV systems independently of the BMS signal, adding another layer of protection
  • Interruption of high short-circuit currents less than 1.5ms after receiving the external signal​ 
  • Applications for 400V and 800V architectures, the short-circuit withstand is as high as 20kA @ 20µH ​ 
  • Rated at 400A continuous, charging profiles up to 700A for several minutes are possible​ 
  • Rugged design with high seal protection against water and dust, ensuring durability in the harshest conditions within the electrical system​

 

Applications

  • Electric vehicles (EV)
  • Hybrid electric vehicles (HEV)
  • Plug in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEV)
  • Energy storage 

 

 

FAQ’s About Pyro Fuses

Used extensively on electrified vehicles, a pyro fuse is a safety device that can permanently disconnect the circuit in the event of an accident or electrical fault to reduce the risk of injury, fire or further damage to the electrical system.
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When triggered, typically from the vehicle’s battery management system or airbag control unit, a pyrotechnic charge is ignited releasing energy that pushes a piston to sever the busbar. This action almost immediately disconnects the battery, stopping the flow of electric current and preventing further damage or injury. 
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While pyro fuses are common in the automotive industry, they are typically only found in electric and hybrid vehicles. In these applications, they serve as a safety mechanism to disconnect the high-voltage battery in the event of a short circuit, overload or collision event. 
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The difference between a pyro fuse and a normal fuse lies in their operation and response to overcurrent situation. Often, a combination of pyro fuse and thermal fuse are used in tandem to achieve functional safety goals.
Pyro fuse EV fuse 
Active interruption: immediately disconnects the circuit when triggered. Passive operation: breaks the circuit as a result of high currents over time. 
Speed: a pyrotechnic charge ignites and immediately disconnects the circuit when triggered.  Speed: internal parts melt due to high current, taking more time to break the circuit
Complex design: includes a pyrotechnic charge that drives a piston to sever the busbar.  Simple design: consists of melting elements within a fuse body filled with materials like quartz and sand.
Predictable: designed to respond quickly and efficiently regardless of the environment, which is critical in EV safety. Thermal influence: operation can be influenced by thermal conditions, which may accelerate or decelerate the melting event.  
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规格

Rated voltage and continuous loading current

Iteam Triggering type V d.c. Continuous Amp @85° C
EBPS65F40 Active Triggering 0-500 0-400 A
EBPS100F40 0-1000
EBPS50F40A Dual Triggering

0-500 External

100-500 Internal

EBPS100F40A

0-100 External

100-1000 Internal

Breaking capacity

        EBPS65F40 EBPS100F40 EBPS50F40A EBPS100F40A
Rated voltage 650Vdc 1000Vdc 500Vdc 1000Vdc
Continuous Current 400A 400A 400A 400A
Triggering External External

External +

Active 

External +

Active

Breaking capacity

16kA

@500Vdc &20uH

20kA

@1000Vdc &20uH

16kA

@500Vdc &20uH

20kA

@1000Vdc &20uH

Operating time <2ms <2ms

<2ms or

<2ms + C-T curve

<2ms or

<2ms +C-T curve

Busbar Resistance <50 μΩ <50 μΩ <70 μΩ <70 μΩ

Isolation (busbar Vs triggering connector)

100MΩ
Busbar resistance after operation ≥2MΩ
Recommended wiring

150 mm2

(For smaller cross section, please contact us)

Operating and storage temperature range

-40°C to 85°C (-40°F to 185°F)

(contact us for extended temperature range)

Technical data

  • External triggering connector type AK-2 codeⅠ
  •  Initiator resistance 2±0.3Ω
  • Triggering pulse current ≥ 1.75A &0.5ms or ≥1.2A &2.0ms
  •  Current increase Itr ≥ 1 A/μs
  • No-triggering current < 0.4A &10s
  • Recommended diagnostic current: ≤10 mA

 

Initiator

  • Qualified acc. To AK-LV 16 & USCAR 28

 

Transport hazard classification

  • Qualified as Class 9 acc to ST/SG/AC.10/11/Rev.7
  • Qualified as Class 9 acc to ST/SG/AC.10/1/Rev.22 

 

Additional features

  • IP65 protection level
  • UL94-V0 for plastic parts

Product weight and packaging

Item Weight (g) Packing quantity Box weight(kg)
EBPS65F40 277 36 per box 12
EBPS100F40 311 22 per box 9
EBPS50F40A 449 24 per box 12
EBPS100F40A 484 24 per box 13
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